NGC 4435 and NGC 4438 (NGC 4458/61)

Introduction | Map | My Own Photos | My Own Observations | References

On this page I collect my observations of the lenticular galaxies NGC 4435 and NGC 4438 in the constellation Virgo, which are called "The Eyes" or "Markarian's Eyes". "The Eyes" can also be taken as a starting point for a Vespera mosaic of the Markarian chain (from NGC 4477 to M 84) (more precisely: NGC 4438). The "Virgo Challenge" of Vaonis in May 2023 was to photograph Markarian's Chain. Due to bad skies I "participated" only "after the fact"...

Introduction

The lenticular galaxies NGC 4435 and NGC 4438 in the constellation Virgo form "The Eyes" or are also called "Eyes Galaxies" or "Markarian's Eyes".

When "The Eyes" are moved towards the bottom right (depending on the position...) in the eVscope's FOV, you can also see the galaxies NGC 4461 (lenticular) and NGC 4458 (elliptical) in the same field of view with the eVscope. In the eVscope 2 and even more so in the Vespera, there may be further galaxies in the field of view (such as M 86 with the eVscope 2).

With the Vespera, you can even capture the complete Markarian's Chain and more in a mosaic (2.8° x 2.0°).

NGC 4435      NGC 4438      NGC 4458     

NGC 4461

Size: 3.0' x 2.1'   (SkySafari)
Distance: 54 million light years (SkySafari)
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  Size: 9.2' x 4.0'   (SkySafari)
Distance: 37 million light years   (SkySafari)
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  Size: 1.6' x 1.5'   (SkySafari)
Distance: 53 million light years   (SkySafari)
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  Size: 3.6' x 1.2'   (SkySafari)
Distance: 39 million light years   (SkySafari)
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Map

The lenticular galaxies NGC 4435 (the smaller one) and NGC 4438 (the larger one) in the constellation Virgo (Image Courtesy of SkySafari Astronomy, www.simulationcurriculum.com)

Markarian's Chain

Member galaxies of Markarian's Chain, which forms the core of the Virgo Galaxy Cluster, include M84 (NGC 4374), M86 (NGC 4406), NGC 4477, NGC 4473, NGC 4461, NGC 4458 (not always assigned to the chain...), NGC 4438, and NGC 4435.

Markarian's Chain includes the galaxies NGC 4477 to M 84 (from left to right, marked with yellow dots). (Image Courtesy of SkySafari Astronomy, www.simulationcurriculum.com)

 

My Own Photos

eVscope

         

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 7, 2021

 

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 7, 2021

 

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 7, 2021

         

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 7, 2021, photo on top processed

 

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 7, 2021, photo on top processed

 

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 7, 2021, photo on top processed

         

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 8, 2021

 

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 8, 2021

 

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 8, 2021

         

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 8, 2021, photo on top processed

 

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 8, 2021, photo on top processed

 

NGC 4435/38 - Mar 8, 2021, photo on top processed

   

NGC 4435/38 - May 30, 2021; "The Eyes" at the bottom right; NGC 4461/58 at the top left (1st third)

 

NGC 4435/38 - May 30, 2021, photo left processed

 

Evaluation with nova.astrometry.net

eVscope 2

         

NGC 4435/38 - Apr 17, 2022; "The Eyes" at about the center, M 86 to the right

 

NGC 4435/38 - Apr 17, 2022, photo left processed

 

Evaluation with nova.astrometry.net

Vespera

    

Markarian's Chain - May 18, 2023, mosaic, 1h, original

 

Ditto, processed with DeNoise, large

 

Evaluation with nova.astrometry.net

 

Evaluation with nova.astrometry.net, large

Vespera Pro

    

Markarian's Chain and more - May 14, 2024, mosaic, 2580s, 2000p

 

Ditto, processed, 2000p

 

Evaluation with Nova.astrometry.net

 

Evaluation with Nova.astrometry.net

Too many galaxies for listing them here! M 87 at the bottom left, M 88 at the top left. NGC 4435/38 left of M 86/84.

 

My Own Observations

Observations March to May 2021

Observations April 2022

Observations May 2023

Observations May 2024

 

References

On this Site